Mmanụ nke ọma cipe pipe pọpụ API 5CT L80 BTC R3

Nkọwa mkpụmkpụ:

Key Keywords:Cael Calen & Tung, n'ụzọ na-enweghị isi na-enweghị isi & tuming, mmanụ mmanụ, na gas na gas, caning pipe
Sing & Tubing High:N'èzí dayameta: cablit: 114.3 - 762 mm tubeng: 26.7 -1114.3 mm;
Ọgwụgwụ mgbidi:Cash: 5.21 - 20.0 mm tubeng: 2.87 - 16.0 mm;
Ogologo mkpọchi na ogologoTung: R1 (6.3 - 7.32 mm), R2 (8.53 - 9.75 mm); Caning: R1 (4.88 - 7.62 mm), R2 (7.36 mm), na R3 (10.66 - 14.63 mm)
Account & Grade:API 5CCT, J55, K55, L80, N80, P110, C90, T95, Q15, Q15, Q15, Q15wdg ...
Caning tubeng na-agwụ:BTC, NU, BC, Nu, EU, EEE, STC, VAM-Top, Premium, PH6
A na-enyekwa akpa igwe na-enye oke mma & ọnụahịa asọmpi nke enweghị atụ ma ọ bụ welded ígwè celbon, ọkpọkọ ọkpọ, ọkpọkọ nchara na ihe.


Nkọwa nke ngwaahịa

Mkpado Ngwaahịa

Nkọwa nke ngwaahịa

A na-eji casing na tubiging ebe niile na-etolite, caning na byangry na-eme ihe maka mmịpụta na ụgbọ mmiri nke hydrocarbons (mmanụ dị n'okpuru ala. Ha na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa iji hụ na nchekwa, iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe, nke ọrụ nke olulu na arụ ọrụ.

Tung bụ ụdị pipeline na-eji emegharị mmanụ na gas n'okike site na mmanụ mmanụ ma ọ bụ akwa gas gas ka ala ahụ gwuo. Tubing nwere ike ikwe ka nrụgide ahụ mepụtara n'oge usoro mmịpụta. Tubeng rụpụtara dị ka otu ahụ ka ọ na-eme, mana usoro a na-akpọ "mmeghachi omume" dị mkpa iji mee ka ọ sie ọkpọkọ.

A na-eji casing iji chebe boroles nke gwuru n'ime ala maka mmanụ. Ejiri otu ihe dị ka ọkpọkọ ihe ọkpọkọ, mmanụ dị mma camipes na-ekwe ka usoro esemokwu a na-atụ anya, yabụ chọrọ nchara dị elu dị elu. Ọkt nke Ọktọba bụ nnukwu ọkpọkọ dayameta nke na-cimeere ya na borehole.

Ígwè - caning - & - tubing-1

Nkowa

API 5L: Gr.B, x42, x46, x52, x52, x66, x60, x70, x70, x70, x70
API 5CT: J55, K55, N80, L80, P110
API 5D: E75, x95, g105, S135
En10210: S235jrh, S275J0H, S275J2h, s355j2h, s355j0h, s355j2h, s355k2h
ASTM A106: Gr.A, Gr.B, Gr.C
ASTM A53 / A53m: Gr.A, GR.B
ASTM A335: P1, P2, 95, P9, P11P22, P23, P91, P92, P12
ASTM A333: GR.3, Gr.4, Gr.6, Gr.7, Gr.8, Gr.9.gr.10, Gr.11
Dan 2391: ST30AL, ST30SI, ST35, ST45, ST52
Din En 10216-1: p195rt1, p195rt2, p235tr1, p235tr2, p265tr1, p265rt2
Jis G3454: STPG 370, STPG 410
Jis G3456: Sppt 370, na-egosi 410, na-egosi 480
GB / T 8163: 10 #, 20 #, Q345
GB / T 8162: 10, 20 #, 35 #, 45 #, Q345

Ndepụta ISO / API

Aha mmadoa N'ilo
dayameta

D
mm
N'ọnụ
linear
ukab, c
T & c

kg / m
Mgbaaja
okpurukpu

t
mm
Ofdị njedebe na njedebe
1 2 H40 J55
K55
M65 L80
C95
N80
Pịnye 1, q
C90
T95
P110 Q125
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
9.50
10.50
11.60
13.50
15.10
114,30
114,30
114,30
114,30
114,30
14,14
15,63
17,26
20,09
22,47
5,21
5,69
6,35
7,37
8,56
PS
- -
- -
- -
- -
PS
Plub
PSLB
- -
- -
PS
Plub
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
- -
Akpuruagha
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
1150
13.00
15.00
18.00
21.40
23.20
24.10
127,00
127,00
127,00
127,00
127,00
127,00
127,00
17,11
19,35
22,32
26,79
31,85
34,53
35,86
5,59
6,43
7,52
9,19
11,10
12,14
12,70
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
PS
PSLB
Pslbe
- -
- -
- -
- -
PS
PSLB
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
5-1 / 2
14.00
15.50
17.00
20,00
23.00
26.80
29.70
32.60
35.30
38,00
40.50
43.10
139,70
139,70
139,70
139,70
139,70
139,70
139,70
139,70
139,70
139,70
139,70
139,70
20,83
23,07
25,30
29,76
34,23
39,88
44,20
48,51
52,53
56,55
60,27
64,14
6,20
6,98
7,72
9,17
10,54
12,70
14,27
15,88
17,45
19,05
20,62
22,22
PS PS
Pslbe
Pslbe
PS
PSLB
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
6-5 / 8
6-5 / 8
6-5 / 8
6-5 / 8
20,00
24.00
28.00
32.00
168,28
168,28
168,28
168,28
29,76
35,72
41,67
47,62
7,32
8,94
10,59
12,06
PS
- -

- -

PSLB
Pslbe

- -

PSLB
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -

Pude

7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
17.00
20,00
23.00
26.00
29.00
32.00
35,00
38,00
42.70
46.40
50.10
53.60
57.10
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
177,80
25,30
29,76
34,23
38,69
43,16
47,62
52,09
56,55
63,54
69,05
74,56
79,77
84,97
5,87
6,91
8,05
9,19
10,36
11,51
12,65
13,72
15,88
17,45
19,05
20,62
22,22
PS
PS
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
PS
Pslbe
Pslbe
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
PS
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
P
P
P
P
P
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Lee ndetu na njedebe nke tebụl.
Aha mmadoa N'ilo
dayameta

D
mm
N'ọnụ
linear
ukab, c
T & c

kg / m
Mgbaaja
okpurukpu

t
mm
Ofdị njedebe na njedebe
1 2 H40 J55
K55
M65 L80
C95
N80
Pịnye 1, q
C90
T95
P110 Q125
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
7-5 / 8
7-5 / 8
7-5 / 8
7-5 / 8
7-5 / 8
7-5 / 8
7-5 / 8
7-5 / 8
7-5 / 8
7-5 / 8
24.00
26.40
29.70
33.70
39,00
42.80
45.30
47.10
51.20
55.30
193,68
193,68
193,68
193,68
193,68
193,68
193,68
193,68
193,68
193,68
35,72
39,29
44,20
50,15
58,04
63,69
67,41
70,09
76,19
82,30
7,62
8,33
9,52
10,92
12,70
14,27
15,11
15,88
17,45
19,05
PS Pslbe PSLB
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
P
P
Pude
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Pude
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
7-3 / 4 46.10 19,685 6,860 1,511 - - - - - - P P P P P
8-5 / 8
8-5 / 8
8-5 / 8
8-5 / 8
8-5 / 8
8-5 / 8
8-5 / 8
24.00
28.00
32.00
36.00
40.00
44.00
49.00
219,08
219,08
219,08
219,08
219,08
219,08
219,08
35,72
41,67
47,62
53,57
59,53
65,48
72,92
6,71
7,72
8,94
10,16
11,43
12,70
14,15
PS
PS
- -
- -
- -
- -
PS
- -
Pslbe
Pslbe
- -
- -
- -
PS
PS
PSLB
PSLB
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
9-5 / 8
32.30
36.00
40.00
43.50
47.00
53.50
58.40
59.40
64.90
70.30
75.60
244,48
244,48
244,48
244,48
244,48
244,48
244,48
244,48
244,48
244,48
244,48
48,07
53,57
59,53
64,73
69,94
79,62
86,91
88,40
96,58
104,62
112,50
7,92
8,94
10,03
11,05
11,99
13,84
15,11
15,47
17,07
18,64
20,24
PS
PS
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
PSLB
Pslbe
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
PSLB
PSLB
Akpuruagha
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
P
P
P
P
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pude
Pude
Akpuruagha
- -
- -
- -
- -
10-3 / 4
10-3 / 4
10-3 / 4
10-3 / 4
10-3 / 4
10-3 / 4
10-3 / 4
10-3 / 4
10-3 / 4
10-3 / 4
32.75
40.50
45.50
51.00
55.50
60.70
65.70
73.20
79.20
85.30
273,05
273,05
273,05
273,05
273,05
273,05
273,05
273,05
273,05
273,05
48,74
60,27
67,71
75,90
82,59
90,33
97,77
108,93
117,86
126,94
7,09
8,89
10,16
11,43
12,57
13,84
15,11
17,07
18,64
20,24
PS
PS
Plub
Okuku
Okuku
Plub
Plub
Plub
Plub
Okuku
Okuku
Okuku
Okuku
Okuku
Okuku
Okuku
Plub
P
P
P
Okuku
Okuku
Okuku
Plub
Okuku
Plub
11-3 / 4
11-3 / 4
11-3 / 4
11-3 / 4
11-3 / 4
11-3 / 4
42.00
47.00
54.00
60.00
65,00
71.00
298,45
298,45
298,45
298,45
298,45
298,45
62,50
69,94
80,36
89,29
96,73
105,66
8,46
9,53
11,05
12,42
13,56
14,78
PS
- -
- -

- -
- -

Plub
Plub
Plub
- -
- -
Plub
Plub
Plub
- -
- -
- -
- -
Plub
P
P
- -
- -
Plub
P
P
- -
- -
Plub
P
P
- -
- -
Plub
P
P
- -
- -
Plub
P
P
13-3 / 8
13-3 / 8
13-3 / 8
13-3 / 8
13-3 / 8
48,00
54.50
61.00
68,00
72,00
339,72
339,72
339,72
339,72
339,72
71,43
81,10
90,78
101,19
107,15
8,38
9,65
10,92
12,19
13,06
PS
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Plub
Plub
Plub
- -
- -
Plub
Plub
Plub
- -
- -
- -
- -
Plub
Plub
- -
- -
- -
Plub
Plub
- -
- -
- -
Plub
Plub
- -
- -
- -
Plub
Plub
- -
- -
- -
- -
Plub
Lee ndetu na njedebe nke tebụl.
Aha mmadoa N'ilo
dayameta

D
mm
N'ọnụ
linear
ukab, c
T & c

kg / m
Mgbaaja
okpurukpu

t
mm
Ofdị njedebe na njedebe
1 2 H40 J55
K55
M65 L80
C95
N80
Pịnye 1, q
C90
T95
P110 Q125
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
16
16
16
16
65,00
75,00
84.00
109.00
406,40
406,40
406,40
406,40
96,73
111,61
125,01
162,21
9,53
11,13
12,57
16,66
PS Plub
Plub
P
Plub
Plub
P P P P
18-5 / 8 87.50 47,308 13,021 1,105 PS Plub Plub - - - - - - - - - -
20
20
20
94.00
106.50
133.00
508,00
508,00
508,00
139,89
158,49
197,93
11,13
12,70
16,13
PSL
- -
- -
PSLB
PSLB
PSLB
PSLB
PSLB
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
P = njedebe dị larịị, s = obere eriri, l = ogologo ogologo, b = akwa eriri, e = erg-line.
A na-emegharị akwụkwọ maka ozi na enyemaka.
Egosiputa otutu uzo abuo (Cupled (Kọl. 2) maka ozi naanị.
Ihe omume nke Martensitic Chrimium Startels (L80 Types 9cr) dị iche na carbon steels. Oke nke egosiputara na ya abughi ezi ihe maka Martensitic Chrim. Enwere ike iji oke nke 0,989.
Aha mmado Mpụga dayameta
D
mm
Mbata dị larịị
uka
kg / m
Ọgwụgwụ mgbidi
t
mm
1 2
1 2 3 4 5
3-1 / 2
4
4-1 / 2
5
5-1 / 2
6-5 / 8
9.92
11.35
13.05
17.95
19.83
27.66
88,90
101,60
114,30
127,00
139,70
168,28
14,76
16,89
19,42
26,71
29,51
41,18
7,34
7,26
7,37
9,19
9,17
10,59

Ndepụta bọlbụ ISO / API

Aha mmado N'ilo
dayameta

D
mm
Liney linear
otutua, b
Mgbaaja
ukpé
ness

t
mm
Ofdị njedebe gwụcharac
Adighi
bilie dị njikere
T & c

kg / m
Ex.
bilie dị njikere
T & c

kg / m
Integ.
okukpu

kg / m
1 2
NU
T & c
EU
T & c
IJ H40 J55 L80 N80
Pịnye 1, q
C90 T95 P110
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.900
2.40
2.75
3.65
4.42
5.15
- -
2.90
3.73
- -
- -
2.40
2.76
- -
- -
- -
48,26
48,26
48,26
48,26
48,26
- -
4,09
5,43
6,58
7,66
- -
4,32
5,55
- -
- -
3,57
4,11
- -
- -
- -
3,18
3,68
5,08
6,35
7,62
PI
Pnui
PU
- -
- -
PI
Pnui
PU
- -
- -
- -
Pnui
PU
P
P
- -
Pnui
PU
- -
- -
- -
Pnui
PU
P
P
- -
Pnui
PU
P
P
PU
- -
- -
2.063
2.063
3.24
4.50
- -
- -
3.25
- -
52,40
52,40
- -
- -
- -
- -
4,84
- -
3,96
5,72
PI
P
PI
P
PI
P
PI
P
PI
P
PI
P
P
2-3 / 8
2-3 / 8
2-3 / 8
2-3 / 8
2-3 / 8
4.00
4.60
5.80
6.60
7.35
4.70
5.95

7.45

60,32
60,32
60,32
60,32
60,32
5,95
6,85
8,63
9,82
10,94
6,99
8,85

11,09

4,24
4,83
6,45
7,49
8,53
PN
Puz
PN
Puz
PN
Puz
Puz
P
PU
PN
Puz
Puz
- -
- -
PN
Puz
Puz
P
PU
PN
Puz
Puz
P
PU
Puz
Puz
2-7 / 8
2-7 / 8
2-7 / 8
2-7 / 8
6.40
7.80
8.60
9.35
6.50
7.90
8.70
9.45
- -
- -

- -

73,02
73,02
73,02
73,02
9,52
11,61
12,80
13,91
9,67
11,76
12,95
14,06
- -
- -

- -

5,51
7,01
7,82
8,64
Puz
- -

- -

Puz
- -

- -

Puz
Puz
Puz
PU
Puz
Puz
Puz
- -
Puz
Puz
Puz
PU
Puz
Puz
Puz
PU
Puz
Puz
Puz
- -
2-7 / 8
2-7 / 8
10.50
1150
- - - - 73,02
73,02
15,63
17,11
- - - - 9,96
11,18
- - - - P
P
- - P
P
P
P
- -
3-1 / 2
3-1 / 2
3-1 / 2
3-1 / 2
3-1 / 2
3-1 / 2
3-1 / 2
7.70
9.20
10.20
12.70
14.30
15.50
17.00
- -
9.30
- -
12.95
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
88,90
88,90
88,90
88,90
88,90
88,90
88,90
11,46
13,69
15,18
18,90
7.28
23,07
25,30
- -
13,84
- -
19,27
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
5,49
6,45
7,34
9,52
10,92
12,09
13,46
PN
Puz
PN
- -
- -
- -
- -
PN
Puz
PN
- -
- -
- -
- -
PN
Puz
PN
Puz
P
P
P
PN
Puz
PN
Puz
- -
- -
- -
PN
Puz
PN
Puz
P
P
P
PN
Puz
PN
Puz
P
P
P
- -
Puz
- -
Puz
- -
- -
- -
4
4
4
4
4
4
9.50
10.70
13.20
16.10
18.90
22.20
- -
11-100
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
101,60
101,60
101,60
101,60
101,60
101,60
14,14
- -
19,64
23,96
28,13
33,04
- -
16,37
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
5,74
6,65
8,38
10,54
12,70
15,49
PN
PU
- -
- -
- -
- -
PN
PU
- -
- -
- -
- -
PN
PU
P
P
P
P
PN
PU
- -
- -
- -
- -
PN
PU
P
P
P
P
PN
PU
P
P
P
P
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
4-1 / 2
12.60
15.20
17.00
18.90
21.50
23.70
26.10
12.75 114,30
114,30
114,30
114,30
114,30
114,30
114,30
18,75
22,62
25,30
28,13
32,00
35,27
38,84
18,97 6,88
8,56
9,65
10,92
12,70
14,22
16,00
Puz Puz Puz
P
P
P
P
P
P
Puz
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Puz
P
P
P
P
P
P
Puz
P
P
P
P
P
P
P = njedebe dị larịị, n = iwe iwe ma sukọta ya, ị = iwe na-erikọta ma sukọta ya, m = njikọta njikọta.
A na-egosiputa ọtụtụ ọnụọgụ abụọ, eriri na coupling (Kọl. 2, 3, 4) maka ozi naanị.
Ihe omume nke Martensitic Chrimium Startels (L80 Types 9cr) dị iche na carbon steels. Oke nke egosiputara na ya abughi ezi ihe maka Martensitic Chrim. Enwere ike iji oke nke 0,989.
A na-ejikọ mkpụrụ ndụ na-enweghị ego na-enweghị isi ma ọ bụ na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla. Earding na-ewepụta mmiri dị na oge niile, nke pụrụ iche - bevel, ma ọ bụ supacings.

Ọkọlọtọ & ọkwa

Igha na tube ọkọlọtọ akara:

API 5CT J55, K55, L80, N80, P110, C90, T95, H40

API 5CCT casing na tubeng pipe na-agwụ:

(STC) obere oge

(Lc) ogologo oge

(BC) IWU IGBO EGO

(XC) IJI EGO

(Nu)

(EU) mpụga na-ewepụta mkpụrụ ndụ

(Ij) intenting njigide

Cash casing na tubing kwesịrị nnyefe dabere na njikọ ya na Standard Standard / API.

Usoro imeputa ihe

Njikwa Dị Mma

Nyocha akụrụngwa, nyocha kemịkalụ, ule nlele, ule nyocha, nnwale, nnwale siri ike, nnwale siri ike ... ..

Akara akara, eserese tupu nnyefe.

Ígwè - caling - & - tubeng0
Ígwè - caring - & - tubeng4
Llel-casing - & - tubeng6
Ígwè - caling - & - tubing7
Ígwè - caring - & - tubeng8
Ígwè - caling - & - tubing9
Llel-caring - & - tubing10

Mbukota & mbupu

Thezọ nkwakọba ihe maka nchara ígwè gụnyere ihicha, na-esochi, na-ese, na-echebe, na-echekwa, na-akụ, na ibelata. Kinsdị ígwè dị iche iche na ihe dị iche iche na-ejikọ ụzọ dị iche iche. Usoro a zuru oke na-adakwasị na mbufe nchara ma rute ebe ha na-aga n'ọnọdụ kachasị mma, dị njikere maka iji ha chọrọ.

Ígwè - caning - & - tubing1
Llel-caring - & - tubeng2
Ígwè - caning - & - tubing3

Ojiji & Ngwa

Ọkpọkọ nchara na-eje ozi dị ka akpa azụ nke injinia nke ọgbara ọhụrụ na ndị ọrụ obodo ọgbara ọhụrụ, na-akwado ọtụtụ ngwa ndị na-enye aka na mmepe nke ọha mmadụ na mmepe nke ọha mmadụ n'ụwa niile.

A na-ejikarị eriri ahụ, àmụ ahụhụ, anyị na-eji ígwè emepụta ihe niile, gas, na-eme ihe owuwu, na-agbago mmiri, na-eme ihe owuwu maka imepụta roleter, ect ...