I. Nhazi ihe mgbanwe ọkụ:
Enwere ike kewaa shei na tube okpomọkụ n'ime ụzọ abụọ a dịka njirimara nhazi.
1. Ọdịdị siri ike nke shei na tube okpomọkụ: onye na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ a aghọwo ihe edozi isi na ụdị efere, a na-ekewakarị ya n'ime otu tube na ọtụtụ tube nke ụdị abụọ.Uru ya dị mfe na kọmpat, ọnụ ala na ọtụtụ ebe;mwepu bụ na tube enweghị ike sachaa n'ibu.
2. Shell na tube na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ngwaọrụ nkwụnye ụgwọ: ọ nwere ike ime ka akụkụ ahụ dị ọkụ nke mgbasawanye n'efu.Enwere ike kewaa nhazi nke ụdị ahụ n'ime:
① na-ese n'elu isi ụdị okpomọkụ Exchanger: a okpomọkụ Exchanger nwere ike gbasaa n'efu n'otu nsọtụ nke tube efere, nke a na-akpọ "floating isi".Ọ na-emetụta tube mgbidi na shei mgbidi okpomọkụ dị iche bụ nnukwu, na tube ukwuu ohere na-emekarị kpochara.Otú ọ dị, usoro ya dị mgbagwoju anya, nhazi na mmepụta ego dị elu.
② U-shaped tube okpomọkụ Exchanger: ọ nwere naanị otu tube efere, otú tube nwere ike nweere onwe ịgbasa na nkwekọrịta mgbe kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ ma ọ bụ mma.Ọdịdị nke onye na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ a dị mfe, ma ọrụ nke ịmepụta ihe na-ehulata bụ ibu, na n'ihi na tube kwesịrị inwe radius ụfọdụ na-ehulata, ojiji nke efere tube adịghị mma, a na-ehichapụ tube ahụ n'ụzọ siri ike ịkwatu ma dochie ya. tubes adịghị mfe, n'ihi ya, a chọrọ ka ọ gafee tubes nke mmiri mmiri dị ọcha.Enwere ike iji ihe na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ a mee ihe maka mgbanwe okpomọkụ dị ukwuu, okpomọkụ dị elu ma ọ bụ oge nrụgide dị elu.
③ mbukota igbe ụdị okpomọkụ Exchanger: ọ nwere ụdị abụọ, otu bụ na tube efere na njedebe nke ọ bụla tube nwere a iche iche nkwakọ akara iji hụ na free mgbasawanye na nkwekọrịta nke tube, mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke tubes na okpomọkụ Exchanger. dị nnọọ obere, tupu ojiji nke a Ọdịdị, ma anya n'etiti tube karịa n'ozuzu okpomọkụ Exchanger ka ibu, mgbagwoju Ọdịdị.A na-eme ụdị ọzọ n'otu njedebe nke tube na shei na-ese n'elu mmiri, na ebe a na-ese n'elu mmiri na-eji akara nkwakọba dum, usoro ahụ dị mfe, ma usoro a adịghị mfe iji n'ihe banyere nnukwu dayameta, nrụgide dị elu.Ụdị igbe ọkụ anaghị adịkarị eji ugbu a.
II.Nyochaa ọnọdụ imewe:
1. okpomọkụ Exchanger imewe, onye ọrụ kwesịrị inye ndị a imewe ọnọdụ (usoro parameters):
① tube, shei mmemme arụ ọrụ nrụgide (dị ka otu n'ime ọnọdụ iji chọpụta ma akụrụngwa na klas, ga-nyere)
② tube, shei mmemme na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ (mbanye / ntinye)
③ Igwe ọkụ mgbidi metal (gbakọrọ site na usoro (onye ọrụ nyere))
④ Aha ihe na njirimara
⑤ oke nrụrụ
⑥ Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mmemme
⑦ ebe a na-enye okpomọkụ
⑧ okpomọkụ Exchanger tube nkọwa, ndokwa (triangular ma ọ bụ square)
⑨ efere mpịachi ma ọ bụ ọnụọgụ nkwado
⑩ mkpuchi ihe na ọkpụrụkpụ (iji chọpụta na aha efere oche protruding elu)
(11) Agba.
ⅠỌ bụrụ na onye ọrụ nwere ihe pụrụ iche chọrọ, onye ọrụ na-enye ika, agba
ⅡNdị ọrụ enweghị ihe pụrụ iche chọrọ, ndị na-emepụta onwe ha họrọ
2. Ọtụtụ isi nhazi ọnọdụ
① Nrụgide arụ ọrụ: dị ka otu n'ime ọnọdụ maka ikpebi ma ọ bụ nkewa akụrụngwa, a ga-enyerịrị ya.
② njirimara ihe: ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ enyeghị aha ihe ahụ ga-enyerịrị ogo nke nsị nke ihe.
N'ihi na toxicity nke na-ajụ na-metụtara na-abụghị mbibi nlekota nke ngwá, okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ, larịị nke forgings maka elu klas nke ngwá, ma metụtara nkewa nke ngwá:
a, GB150 10.8.2.1 (f) eserese na-egosi na akpa ahụ na-ejide oke ihe ize ndụ ma ọ bụ nke dị oke egwu nke 100% RT.
b, 10.4.1.3 eserese na-egosi na arịa ndị na-ejide nnukwu mgbasa ozi dị ize ndụ ma ọ bụ nke dị ize ndụ maka nsí kwesịrị ịbụ ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ mgbe weld (njikọ welded nke austenitic igwe anaghị agba nchara nwere ike ghara ịgwọ ya).
c.Forgings.Ojiji nke ọkara toxicity maka oke ma ọ bụ nke dị oke egwu forgings kwesịrị imezu ihe achọrọ nke Klas III ma ọ bụ IV.
③ Nkọwapụta ọkpọkọ:
Carbon steel a na-ejikarị φ19 × 2, φ25 × 2.5, φ32 × 3, φ38 × 5
Igwe anaghị agba nchara φ19 × 2, φ25 × 2, φ32 × 2.5, φ38 × 2.5
Nhazi nke tubes ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ: triangle, triangle nkuku, square, square square.
★ Mgbe n'ibu ihicha a chọrọ n'etiti okpomọkụ Exchanger tubes, square ndokwa ga-eji.
1. nrụgide imewe, okpomọkụ imewe, ọnụọgụ nkwonkwo ịgbado ọkụ
2. Dayameta: DN <400 cylinder, ojiji nke ọkpọkọ ígwè.
DN ≥ 400 cylinder, na-eji ígwè efere akpọrepu.
16" ígwè ọkpọkọ ------ ya na onye ọrụ na-atụle iji ígwè efere akpọrepu.
3. Nhazi eserese:
Dị ka ebe a na-ebufe okpomọkụ si dị, nkọwa tube ọkụ na-enye ọkụ iji see eserese nhazi iji chọpụta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke tubes okpomọkụ.
Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ na-enye eserese ọkpọkọ, mana iji nyochaa ọkpọkọ dị n'ime okirikiri ịgba ọkpọ.
★ Ụkpụrụ nke ịtọ ọkpọkọ:
(1) na ọkpọkọ ịgba okirikiri kwesịrị juputara na ọkpọkọ.
② ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọkpọkọ ọtụtụ ọrịa strok kwesịrị ịgbalị ịhazi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọrịa strok.
③ Ekwesịrị ịhazi tube mgbanwe ọkụ n'ụzọ ọ bụla.
4. Ihe
Mgbe efere tube n'onwe ya nwere ubu convex ma jikọta ya na cylinder (ma ọ bụ isi), a ga-eji akpụ akpụ.N'ihi iji usoro dị otú ahụ nke efere tube a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka nrụgide dị elu, ọkụ ọkụ, ihe mgbawa, na nsị maka oke, oge dị ize ndụ, ihe ndị dị elu chọrọ maka efere tube, efere tube dịkwa oke.Iji zere convex ubu na-emepụta slag, delamination, na melite convex ubu eriri nsogbu ọnọdụ, belata ego nhazi, na-azọpụta ihe, na convex ubu na tube efere ozugbo ekpudoro si n'ozuzu forging imepụta tube efere. .
5. Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na tube tube njikọ
Tube na njikọ efere tube, na nhazi nke shei na tube okpomọkụ bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke nhazi ahụ.Ọ bụghị naanị nhazi ọrụ, ọ ghaghị ime ka njikọ ọ bụla na-arụ ọrụ nke ngwá ọrụ ahụ iji hụ na usoro ahụ na-enweghị nkwụsị ma na-eguzogide ikike nrụgide ọkara.
Njikọ tube na tube tube bụ ụzọ atọ ndị a: mgbasawanye;b ịgbado ọkụ;c mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ
Mgbasawanye maka shei na tube n'etiti mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi agaghị eme ka ọ pụta ìhè nke ọnọdụ ahụ, karịsịa n'ihi na weldability ihe onwunwe adịghị mma (dị ka carbon ígwè okpomọkụ Exchanger tube) na-arụ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ dị ukwuu.
N'ihi mgbasawanye nke njedebe nke tube na nrụrụ plastik ịgbado ọkụ, enwere nrụgide fọdụrụnụ, na ịrị elu nke okpomọkụ, nrụgide fọdụrụnụ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-apụ n'anya, nke mere na njedebe nke tube iji belata ọrụ nke akara na njikọ. Ya mere mgbasawanye nke ihe owuwu site na nrụgide na oke okpomọkụ, n'ozuzu ọdabara na nrụgide imewe ≤ 4Mpa, imewe nke okpomọkụ ≤ 300 degrees, na ọrụ nke na-adịghị eme ihe ike vibrations, ọ dịghị oké okpomọkụ mgbanwe na ọ dịghị mkpa Nchegbu corrosion. .
Njikọ ịgbado ọkụ nwere uru nke mmepụta dị mfe, arụmọrụ dị elu na njikọ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya.Site na ịgbado ọkụ, tube na tube tube nwere ọrụ ka mma n'ịbawanye;na nwekwara ike ibelata mkpa nhazi oghere nke ọkpọkọ, ịchekwa oge nhazi, nhazi dị mfe na uru ndị ọzọ, ekwesịrị iji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe kacha mkpa.
Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mgbe toxicity nke ọkara dị nnọọ ukwuu, ọkara na ikuku agwakọta Mfe ịgbawa usoro mgbasa ozi bụ redioactive ma ọ bụ n'ime na n'èzí nke ngwongwo ọkpọkọ ga-enwe mmetụta ọjọọ, iji hụ na a na-emechi nkwonkwo, ma. na-ejikarị usoro ịgbado ọkụ.Welding usoro, ọ bụ ezie na uru nke ọtụtụ ndị, n'ihi na ọ pụghị kpamkpam zere "crevice corrosion" na welded ọnụ nke nrụgide corrosion, na mkpa ọkpọkọ mgbidi na oké ọkpọkọ efere siri ike inwe a pụrụ ịdabere na weld n'etiti.
Usoro ịgbado ọkụ nwere ike ịdị elu okpomọkụ karịa mgbasawanye, ma n'okpuru omume nke elu okpomọkụ cyclic nrụgide, weld bụ nnọọ susceptible ka ike ọgwụgwụ cracks, tube na tube oghere oghere, mgbe doro corrosive media, mee ngwangwa mmebi nke nkwonkwo.Ya mere, e nwere ịgbado ọkụ na mgbasawanye nkwonkwo eji n'otu oge.Nke a abụghị nanị na-eme ka ike ọgwụgwụ nke nkwonkwo dịkwuo mma, kamakwa ọ na-ebelata ọdịdị nke crevice corrosion, ya mere ndụ ọrụ ya dị ogologo karịa mgbe a na-eji ịgbado ọkụ naanị.
N'oge dị aṅaa dabara adaba maka mmejuputa ịgbado ọkụ na nkwonkwo mgbasa na ụzọ, ọ dịghị ọkọlọtọ otu.Na-emekarị na okpomọkụ adịghị oke elu ma nrụgide dị oke elu ma ọ bụ na-ajụ dị mfe ịwụpụ, ojiji nke ike mgbasawanye na sealing weld (akara weld na-ezo aka nanị iji gbochie ntapu na mmejuputa iwu nke weld, na anaghị ekwe nkwa. ike).
Mgbe nrụgide na okpomọkụ dị nnọọ elu, iji ike ịgbado ọkụ na mado mgbasawanye, (ike ịgbado ọkụ bụ ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na weld nwere uko, kamakwa iji hụ na nkwonkwo nwere nnukwu tensile ike, na-emekarị na-ezo aka ike nke weld hà nhata ike nke ọkpọkọ n'okpuru ibu axial mgbe ịgbado ọkụ).Ọrụ nke mgbasawanye bụ ikpochapụ corrosion crevice na melite ike ọgwụgwụ nke weld.Edebere akụkụ nhazi nke ọkọlọtọ (GB/T151), agaghị abanye n'ime nkọwa ebe a.
Maka oghere ọkpọkọ elu roughness chọrọ:
a, mgbe okpomọkụ Exchanger tube na tube efere ịgbado ọkụ njikọ, na tube elu roughness Ra uru bụ bụghị ukwuu karịa 35uM.
b, otu ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ejikọta tube na tube efere na-agbatị, oghere tube elu roughness Ra uru adịghị ukwuu karịa njikọ mgbasawanye 12.5uM, oghere oghere tube n'elu ekwesịghị imetụta mgbasawanye nke ntụpọ, dị ka site na ogologo ogologo ma ọ bụ gburugburu. akara.
III.Ngụkọta nhazi
1. Shell mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ ngụkọta oge (gụnyere ọkpọkọ igbe mkpụmkpụ ngalaba, isi, shei mmemme cylinder mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ ngụkọta oge) ọkpọkọ, shei mmemme cylinder mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ kwesịrị izute kacha nta mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ na GB151, n'ihi na carbon ígwè na ala alloy ígwè kacha nta mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ bụ dị ka. ruo n'akụkụ corrosion C2 = 1mm echiche maka ikpe nke C2 karịa 1mm, opekempe mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ nke shei kwesịrị ịba ụba ya.
2. Ngụkọta nkwado oghere oghere
N'ihi na shei na-eji ígwè tube usoro, a na-atụ aro ka iji dum nkwado (na-amụba cylinder mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ ma ọ bụ na-eji oké-walled tube);n'ihi na thicker tube igbe na nnukwu oghere iji tụlee n'ozuzu aku na uba.
Ọ bụghị nkwado ọzọ kwesịrị imezu ihe achọrọ nke ọtụtụ isi:
① imewe nrụgide ≤ 2.5Mpa;
② Ebe etiti dị n'etiti oghere abụọ dị n'akụkụ kwesịrị ịbụ ihe na-erughị okpukpu abụọ nke nchikota nke oghere abụọ ahụ;
③ Ọnụ ala dayameta nke onye nata ≤ 89mm;
④ weghara opekempe mgbidi mgbidi kwesịrị ịbụ Tebụl 8-1 chọrọ (weghara oke corrosion nke 1mm).
3. Flange
Ngwa flange na-eji ọkọlọtọ ọkọlọtọ kwesịrị ịṅa ntị na flange na gasket, ihe nkedo dakọtara, ma ọ bụghị ya kwesịrị ịgbakọ flange.Ka ihe atụ, pịnyere A flat ịgbado ọkụ flange na ọkọlọtọ na ya kenha gasket maka na-abụghị ọla adụ gasket;mgbe ojiji nke winding gasket kwesịrị recalculated maka flange.
4. Pipe efere
Kwesịrị ịṅa ntị na okwu ndị a:
① tube efere imewe okpomọkụ: Dị ka ndokwa nke GB150 na GB / T151, kwesịrị iwere ọ bụghị ihe na-erughị metal okpomọkụ nke akụrụngwa, ma na ngụkọta oge nke tube efere enweghị ike ekwe nkwa na tube shei usoro media ọrụ, na igwe okpomọkụ nke efere tube siri ike ịgbakọ, a na-ewerekarị ya n'akụkụ dị elu nke imewe okpomọkụ maka nhazi okpomọkụ nke efere tube.
② Multi-tube okpomọkụ Exchanger: na nso nke piping ebe, n'ihi mkpa ka ịtọ oghere spacer na tie mkpanaka Ọdịdị na okpu na-akwado site okpomọkụ Exchanger ebe Ad: GB / T151 usoro.
③The irè ọkpụrụkpụ nke tube efere
The irè ọkpụrụkpụ nke tube efere na-ezo aka ọkpọkọ nso nkewa nke ala nke bulkhead groove ọkpụrụkpụ nke tube efere mwepu nchikota nke ihe abụọ na-esonụ.
a, oke corrosion ọkpọkọ karịrị omimi nke omimi nke ọkpọkọ nkebi nkebi akụkụ
b, shei mmemme corrosion oke na tube efere na shei mmemme akụkụ nke Ọdịdị nke uzo omimi nke abụọ kasị ukwuu osisi.
5. Mgbasawanye nkwonkwo set
Na tube ofu na efere okpomọkụ, n'ihi na okpomọkụ dị iche n'etiti mmiri na tube N'ezie na tube N'ezie mmiri mmiri, na okpomọkụ Exchanger na shei na tube efere edozi njikọ, nke mere na na ojiji nke steeti, shei. na tube mgbasa ọdịiche dị n'etiti shea na tube, shei na tube ka axial ibu.Iji zere mmebi nke shea na ikpo ọkụ, ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ site na tube tube na-ewepụ, ọ ga-edozi nkwonkwo mgbasawanye iji belata shea na ikpo ọkụ axial ibu.
N'ozuzu na shei na okpomọkụ Exchanger mgbidi okpomọkụ dị iche bụ nnukwu, mkpa ka tụlee mwube mmeba nkwonkwo, na tube efere ngụkọta oge, dị ka okpomọkụ dị iche n'etiti dị iche iche nkịtị ọnọdụ gbakọọ σt, σc, q, otu n'ime ha ada ada tozuo. , ọ dị mkpa ịbawanye nkwonkwo mgbasawanye.
σt - nrụgide axial nke tube mgbanwe okpomọkụ
σc - usoro mkpuchi cylinder axial stress
q-- The okpomọkụ Exchanger tube na tube efere njikọ nke ịdọrọ-apụ ike
IV.Nhazi nhazi
1. Igbe ọkpọkọ
(1) Ogologo igbe ọkpọkọ
a.Omimi kacha nta n'ime
① na oghere nke otu ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ nke igbe tube, omimi kacha nta na etiti oghere ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe na-erughị 1/3 nke n'ime dayameta nke onye nata;
② omimi dị n'ime na n'èzí nke usoro ọkpọkọ kwesịrị ijide n'aka na mpaghara mgbasa ozi kacha nta n'etiti usoro abụọ ahụ abụghị ihe na-erughị 1.3 ugboro mgbasa nke tube na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'otu ụzọ;
b, kacha n'ime omimi
Tụlee ma ọ dị mma iji weld na hichaa akụkụ dị n'ime, karịsịa maka n'ọnụ ọnụ dayameta nke obere obere tube okpomọkụ.
(2) Nkewa mmemme dị iche
Ọkpụrụkpụ na nhazi nke nkebi dị ka GB151 Table 6 na Figure 15 si dị, maka ọkpụkpụ dị elu karịa 10mm nke nkebi ahụ, a ga-ewepụ ihe mkpuchi ahụ na 10mm;maka tube okpomọkụ Exchanger, nkebi kwesịrị ịtọ n'elu akwa oghere (mmiri oghere), igbapu oghere dayameta bụ n'ozuzu 6mm.
2. Shell na tube ngwugwu
① Ọkwa ngwugwu Tube
Ⅰ, Ⅱ larịị tube ngwugwu, naanị maka carbon ígwè, ala alloy ígwè okpomọkụ Exchanger tube ụlọ ụkpụrụ, e nwere ka "elu larịị" na "nkịtị larịị" mepụtara.Ozugbo ụlọ okpomọkụ Exchanger tube ike-eji "elu" ígwè ọkpọkọ, carbon ígwè, ala alloy ígwè okpomọkụ Exchanger tube ngwugwu mkpa ka e kewaa Ⅰ na Ⅱ larịị!
Ⅰ, Ⅱ tube ngwugwu nke dị iche dabeere tumadi na okpomọkụ Exchanger tube n'èzí dayameta, mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ deviation dị iche iche, kwekọrọ oghere size na deviation dị iche iche.
Grade Ⅰ tube ngwugwu nke elu nkenke chọrọ, maka igwe anaghị agba nchara okpomọkụ Exchanger tube, naanị Ⅰ tube ngwugwu;n'ihi na a na-ejikarị carbon ígwè okpomọkụ Exchanger tube
② efere tube
a, tube oghere nha deviation
Rịba ama ọdịiche dị n'etiti ngwugwu tube larịị Ⅰ, Ⅱ
b, uzo nkebi nke mmemme
Ⅰ oghere oghere n'ozuzu ọ bụghị ihe na-erughị 4mm
Ⅱ sub-mmemme nkebi oghere oghere: carbon ígwè 12mm;igwe anaghị agba nchara 11mm
Ⅲ nkeji nso nkebi oghere nkuku chamfering bụ n'ozuzu ogo 45, chamfering obosara b bụ ihe nhata na radius R nke akụkụ nke nkeji oge gasket.
③ Efere mpịachi
a.Ogo oghere ọkpọkọ: dị iche na ọkwa ngwugwu
b, ụta mpịaji efere notch elu
Notch elu kwesịrị ka mmiri mmiri site ọdịiche na eruba ọnụego gafee tube ngwugwu yiri notch elu na-adịkarị iwere 0.20-0.45 ugboro n'ime dayameta nke mechie akuku, notch na-adịkarị ebipụ na ọkpọkọ ahịrị n'okpuru center. ahịrị ma ọ bụ bee n'ahịrị abụọ nke oghere ọkpọkọ n'etiti obere akwa (iji kwado ịdị mma nke iyi ọkpọkọ).
c.Ntuzi aka notch
Otu ụzọ dị ọcha mmiri mmiri, notch elu na ala ndokwa;
Gas nwere obere mmiri mmiri, gbagoro elu gaa n'akụkụ kacha ala nke efere mpịachi iji mepee ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri;
Mmiri nwere obere gas, gbadata ruo akụkụ kachasị elu nke efere mpịachi iji mepee ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ikuku.
Ọnụnọ n'ọnụ mmiri nke gas ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri nwere ihe siri ike, nhazi aka ekpe na aka nri, ma mepee ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri mmiri na ebe kacha ala.
d.Oke kacha nta nke efere mpịachi;ogologo oge anaghị akwado
e.Efere mpịachi dị na nsọtụ abụọ nke ùkwù tube dị nso dị ka o kwere mee na ndị na-anata mbanye shei na mpụta.
④ Kee mkpanaka
a, dayameta na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke tie mkpara
Dayameta na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ka Table 6-32, 6-33 nhọrọ, iji hụ na ukwuu karịa ma ọ bụ hà na cross-section nke tie mkpanaka nyere na Isiokwu 6-33 n'okpuru premise nke dayameta na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke tie. Enwere ike ịgbanwe mkpanaka, mana dayameta ya agaghị abụ ihe na-erughị 10mm, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke na-erughị anọ
b, a ga-ahazi eriri eriri ahụ dịka o kwere mee na nsọtụ mpụta nke tube tube, maka nnukwu okpomoku okpomoku, na mpaghara ọkpọkọ ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ oghere mpempe akwụkwọ mpịachi kwesịrị ịhazi na ọnụ ọgụgụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke eriri eriri, mpịachi ọ bụla. efere ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe na-erughị 3 ihe nkwado
c.Kee mkpara aku, ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ na-achọ ndị na-esonụ a aku na mpịachi efere ịgbado ọkụ
⑤ Mgbochi mkpofu efere
a.Nhazi nke efere mgbochi na-ekpochapụ bụ iji belata nkesa nke mmiri na-adịghị mma na mmebi nke njedebe tube na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ.
b.Idozi usoro mgbochi ịsacha efere
Dị ka o kwere mee, a na-edozi ya na tube a na-edozi ma ọ bụ dị nso na tube tube nke mbụ mpịachi efere, mgbe shei inlet dị na mkpanaka na-adịghị edozi n'akụkụ nke tube tube, mgbochi-scrambling efere nwere ike welded. na ahụ cylinder
(6) Ntọala nke nkwonkwo mgbasawanye
a.Dị n'etiti akụkụ abụọ nke efere mpịachi
Iji belata nguzogide mmiri nke nkwonkwo mgbasawanye, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, na mgbasawanye mgbasa ozi n'ime ime tube liner, a ga-ejikọta tube liner na shei na ntụziaka nke mmiri na-asọba, maka ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, mgbe. ụzọ mmiri na-asọba n'elu, kwesịrị ịtọlite na njedebe ala nke oghere oghere nke tube tube
b.Mgbasa mgbasawanye nke ngwaọrụ nchebe iji gbochie akụrụngwa na usoro njem ma ọ bụ iji ịdọrọ ihe ọjọọ
(vii) njikọ dị n'etiti efere tube na shei
a.Mgbatị okpukpu abụọ ka flange
b.Pipe efere na-enweghị flange (GB151 Ihe Odide G)
3. Pipe flange:
① imewe okpomọkụ karịrị ma ọ bụ hà nhata 300 degrees, e kwesịrị iji butt flange.
② maka okpomọkụ Exchanger enweghị ike iji weghara interface na-ahapụ na ihapu, kwesịrị ịtọ na tube, ndị kasị elu n'ókè nke shei N'ezie nke bleeder, ndị kasị ala n'ókè nke ihapu ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, kacha nta nominal dayameta. nke 20mm.
③ Enwere ike ịtọ onye na-ekpo ọkụ kwụ ọtọ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri.
4. Nkwado: ụdị GB151 dị ka ndokwa nke Nkeji edemede 5.20.
5. Ngwa ndị ọzọ
① Akpa na-ebuli elu
Ogo karịrị 30Kg ukara igbe na ọkpọkọ igbe mkpuchi kwesịrị ịtọ lugs.
② waya kacha elu
Iji kwado ịkwatu igbe ọkpọkọ, ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ, kwesịrị ịtọ ya na bọọdụ gọọmentị, igbe ọkpọkọ mkpuchi elu waya.
V. Nrụpụta, ihe nyocha chọrọ
1. Pipe efere
① spliced tube efere butt nkwonkwo maka 100% ray nnyocha ma ọ bụ UT, ruru eru: RT: Ⅱ UT: Ⅰ larịị;
② Na mgbakwunye na igwe anaghị agba nchara, spliced ọkpọkọ efere nrụgide enyemaka okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ;
③ tube efere oghere akwa akwa obosara deviation: dị ka usoro maka ịgbakọ obosara nke oghere akwa: B = (S - d) - D1
Opekempe obosara nke oghere oghere: B = 1/2 (S - d) + C;
2. Ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ igbe tube:
Carbon ígwè, obere alloy ígwè welded na nkewa nkewa nke igbe ọkpọkọ, yana igbe ọkpọkọ nke oghere dị n'akụkụ karịa 1/3 nke dayameta dị n'ime igbe ọkpọ cylinder, na ntinye nke ịgbado ọkụ maka nrụgide. enyemaka okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ, flange na nkebi sealing elu kwesịrị hazie mgbe okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ.
3. Nnwale nrụgide
Mgbe shei usoro imewe nrụgide dị ala karịa tube usoro mgbali, iji lelee àgwà nke okpomọkụ Exchanger tube na tube efere njikọ.
① Nrụgide ihe omume Shell iji mee ka nrụgide ule na usoro ọkpọkọ na-adaba na ule hydraulic, iji chọpụta ma nkwụsị nke nkwonkwo ọkpọkọ.(Otú ọ dị, ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na nrụgide ihe nkiri bụ isi nke shea n'oge ule hydraulic bụ ≤0.9ReLΦ)
② Mgbe usoro a dị n'elu adịghị mma, shei nwere ike ịbụ ule hydrostatic dị ka nrụgide mbụ si dị ka ọ gafesịrị, wee shea maka ule leakage amonia ma ọ bụ ule leakage halogen.
VI.Ụfọdụ okwu a ga-edeba na chaatị ndị a
1. gosi ọkwa nke ngwugwu tube
2. Okpomọkụ tube kwesịrị ka ede nọmba akara
3. Tube efere piping contour akara n'èzí mechiri emechi oké siri ike ahịrị
4. Mgbakọ eserese kwesịrị ịkpọ mpịachi efere ọdịiche nghazi
5. Oghere mgbasawanye mgbasa ozi ọkọlọtọ, oghere ikpochapu na nkwonkwo ọkpọkọ, ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ kwesịrị ịpụ na foto ahụ
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 11-2023